Differences

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--- en:grammar:adverbs [2023-01-29 10:37] – [rubama] christian
+++ en:grammar:adverbs [2023-02-17 12:23] (current) – Sticking with placement after the modified word christian
@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
   * **yexo** – still, yet
-XXX Likely this will soon be changed to place them before the word or phrase they modify.
 Plain adverbs are typically placed at the end of the phrase they modify. This sometimes allows expressing nuances that are difficult to clearly express in English.
@@ Line 68: / Line 67: @@
 **Mi bisa go [party] ka?** – Can I go to the party? / May I go to the party?
-//Rationale:// In expressing situational possibility (ability and permission) with a verbal construction (the auxiliary **bisa**), Lugamun follows WALS (ch. 74). That it doesn't use verbal constructions or affixes, but rather some other kind of markers (namely, in our case, adverbs) to express epistemic possibility likewise follows WALS (ch. 75). That these two different kinds of possibility are expressed in different ways without overlap is likewise most typical according to WALS (ch. 76).
+//Rationale:// In expressing situational possibility (ability and permission) with a verbal construction (the auxiliary **bisa**), Lugamun follows WALS (ch. 74). That it doesn't use verbal constructions or affixes, but rather some other kind of markers (namely, in our case, adverbs) to express epistemic possibility likewise follows WALS (ch. 75). That these two kinds of possibility are expressed in different ways without overlap is likewise most typical according to WALS (ch. 76).
+==== sam ====
+**Sam** is an //intensifier//, stressing the fact that the indicated person (or thing) will handle the indicated activity in person or that (maybe surprisingly) they themselves are meant rather than anyone else.
+**Mi sam ga fa it.** – I'll do it myself.\\
+**[President] sam li [visit] nas!** – The president herself/himself has paid us a visit!\\
+**Nas li miru maraji sam!** – We have seen the king himself!
+Don't confuse **sam** with the [[pronouns#the_reflexive_pronouns_sin_and_sini|reflexive pronoun]] **sin**. Both are typically translated as '-self' in English, but while **sam** adds emphasis, **sin** simply refers back to the subject, indicating that subject and object (for example) are the same.
+When **sam** is added after a possessive pronoun or combined with a possessive noun phrase (**sam de ...** or **... ki sam**), it stresses the importance of the possessive relationship, also indicating that it is exclusive rather than shared. In such cases, it is typically translated as 'own'.
+**Mi yau mis sam ruma!** – I want my own house! (I don't want to share a house.)\\
+**Ta xi [car] sam de mis [boss]. / Ta xi mis [boss] ki sam [car].** – That's my boss's own car.
 ===== Ku-adverbs =====