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Table of Contents
Expressions
Time expressions
(This may be called “adjuncts of time”; generally adjuncts give additional information on matters as such manner, time, place.)
Time expressions are noun phrases or prepositional phrases that express when something takes place. Noun phrases used as time expressions don’t need a preposition in front of them. They are usually placed immediately before the verb, marking it as such. It is also possible to place them at the start of a clause (for emphasis); in rare cases, they are placed at its end.
Time expressions include:
den depan – tomorrow
si den – today
den laste – yesterday
si tem – now
ke tem – when
ol tem – always
no tem – never
XXX Give further examples and explain usage.
XXX Also explain prepositional time expressions such as ‘since yesterday’, ‘until next year’, ‘from Mai to December’.
XXX Explain how the placement at the start of end of a clause can work without leading to confusion about where the verb starts.
XXX Form combinations of quantifiers with other common nouns to express further correlatives:
- place (location, position) – used for ‘somewhere’, ‘everywhere’ etc.
- manner (way of performing or effecting; method or style) – used to express “somehow” (in one way or another; in some way not yet known or designated) and related concepts.
Addressing people
san ‘Mr., Mrs., Miss’ is commonly used as a polite form of address, either in front of a person’s name or stand-alone.
XXX Give examples.
Interjections
XXX These include:
salam – hello
xukuru – thank (verb), thanks (noun), thank you (interjection)